Underreaming well-drilling bit



p 1930. J. 5. BROWN UNDERREAMING WELL DRILLING BIT 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 14, 1927 dicofi ,5. Bron 1i.

Sept. 16, 1930. J. s. BROWN UNDERREAHING WELL DRILLING BIT Filed Nov. 14. 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 of'mj Sept. 16, 1930. J. 5. BROWN 1,776,018

UNDERREAIING WELL DRILLING BIT Filed Nov. 14. 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Sept. 16, 193% 1 i tire STATES rAreNr orricn :A'eos s. nRoWi joF common, caninonnrn, ASSIGNOR or one-HALF TO HARRY 0. BROWN AND ONE-HALF TO B. a. WILEY, BOTH on COMPTON, CALIFORNIA UNDERREAMING HELL-DRILLING BIT Application filed November 14, 1927. Serial No. 233,137.

My invention isawell drilling bit of the rotary type to ream a'hole larger than that through which the bit is inserted.

- An object of my invention is the construction of a bit with cutting jaws or teeth which be slid radially outwardly to increase the diameter of the bit, and therefore ream a hole of larger diameter than that through which the bit is inserted.

A further object ofmy invention is in cansing the sliding movement of the jaws by a partial rotary motion of the drill'rod.

Another object of my invention is in utilizing a pin and slot connection between the i slidable' jaws and a rotatable element connected to the drill rods to thrust the teeth outwardly, but I'do not rely on the pins to form a driving connection for the jaws, this driv- T ing connection being by means of interen- 0 gaging lugs on the foot of the bit, in which the jaws are slidable, and a rotary element connected to the drill rods.

In constructing my invention I utilize a shank which is connected to the lower end of .25 a string of tubular drill rods. This shank at its lower end has pins, preferably three, and it has a threaded section in which sleeves are threaded and locked by set screws, the lower sleeve having depending arcuate lugs. Out

"36 side of these sleeves androtatably mounted thereon there is a collar which fits over a cylindrical'section'of the shank; and internally connected-to the collar by a screw-threaded connection'there is the foot of the bit. This foot has arcuate lugs to engage with the lugs on the lower sleeve. The foot has radial slots for'the jaws and these jaws each have a slot which engages with one of the pins on the lower end of the shank.

' After the bit" has been introduced in the well in a collapsed position, the drill rods are given a turn-in the same direction of rotation as when reaming, then the jaws are forced outwardly by the relative partial turning 4'5 movement of the shank and the foot and collar, and if desired the initial movement of the jaws may be aided b the flushing liquid being pumped through the tubular drill rods and the shank into the center of the foot.

When the jaws engage the formation and o the reaming starts, they are forcibly thrust outwardly to their full extent and held in this position, but the driving is not through the pins but through the interconnecting arcuate lugs on the lower sleeve and the upper part of the foot.

My invention will be more readily understood from the following description and drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a well hole with my bit introduced therein.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the shank, showing the lower parts of the bit in partial vertical section.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the bit.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section on the line 4% of Fig. 2 in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 5 is a horizontal section on the line 55 of Fig. 2 in the direction of the arrows. These figures show the jaws in their collapsed position.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5, showing the driving connection between the sleeve on the shank and the foot through the interengaging arcuate lugs. 7

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 4. with the jaws extended.

Fig. 8 is a bottom view of a bit, taken in the direction of the arrow 8 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is a perspective of the shank with the sleeves thereon.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the foot looking in the direction of the arrow 10 of Fig. 11. i

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the foot looking in the direction of the arrow 11 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a vertical cross section through the collar.

F 13 is a side elevation of one of the jaws taken in Fig. 141.

- Fig. 14 is a backedge viewtaken inthe di- V rection of the arrow 14 ofFig; 13.1

F ig;;,15 is a front edge View taken in the direction of the arrow 15 of Fig, 13.

, .Fig. 16 is a top View taken in the directions;

of the arrow 16 of Fig.13,

{In my invention 1 utilize a cylindrical tuhu lar shank llhavinga pin 12 at the upper endwhich :isjadapted to. engagein a'box 13 on the lowerend of a string oftubular drill rods r 14, the shank havingthe usual shoulder lfip wat the top.- The shankhas areduced lower 1 There are also a series of pins1 9onthe base or lower endof the shank, andthetshank has a central flushing duct 20 (Figs. 2. and 9) threads 28 ofthe collar andon the upper edge H thisfootiis' providedlwith a pair of arcuate lugs 33 which are adapted to interengagef end having a cylindrical 'fsection 'l6fand a screw-threaded section 1'? with-a shoulder 18 above the screw-threaded H section (Fig. 2)".

Threaded on the threaded sectionaofthe shank screw 23.", This lower sleeve'ahas a threaded at 28." An antifriction bearing 29 is'posi-tioned between the upper-sleeve 21; and a shoulder 30, at ,the upper part ofthe collar (FigsQ and 12). A foot'81fi (shown in detail in Figs. 2, 10 and 11)fhas an upperreduc'ed threaded end 32 which engages the internal with the lugs 24 on the lower sleeve 22. 1: The

lower-endof thecollar abutsagainst a shoulder 35 on the foot.

' The foot has radial jguide ways' designated generally by the numeral 36, there beingfthree' illustrated, and each guide-wayhas ayert-ical wall 37 at one side, avertical-wall 38 on the a other side, this latter fwallhaving' a'radial recess 39' (note Figs. 3, 5, 7, 8,1=1O,and;11).i' At th'e inner end oftjhe side wall '37 thereis a verticalshoulderfdOl, and set outth'erefron there is a parallel shoulder 41. "These shoulsf ders together with the surface '38 of the next adjacent ra dial guiderway 36ffor1n ertical tongue 42.

Theconstruction of the jaws is substantially as follows,ea ch jaw heing designated generally by the' nurnera'l 43, and being illus-' trated "particularly in "Figs. 5,;;7,, 8 and 13 through 16: Each jaw has a substantially vertical cutting edge 41 1 acurved section 45 forming a clearance? and 1a rearyertical outer'corner 4:6; The lower; part" of the-Ver tical edgef is curved outwardly, as indicated at 17, and joins the bottom forward edge 18 at ,a-ipoint The-upper portion of the the direction of the arrow '13 ofv v t r I below thebottomof-the casingthe.drillrod is;

,r ZMountedjon; :the (shank for: partial rota- I fti'onthere is a'collar25 whiclrhas anannularl 1 'grooyej26atthe top withpacking 27 therein.

The lower .end': of the sleeve ,is vinternally ,on the inner ends :5 6x0fthe?jawsgtendingtq i a force 1such'ajawsf outwardly; and moreover-,-

tothearcuatelugs 33 ofthe foot 31 and' hence drill rod in the sarne .direc'tion aisfthisrod is;

b ack fis vertical and'eaeh jaw has aflat't'o'p" 51 in which there is a groove 52:cut in from I theback, and a lug-53'extends outwardlyifrom the front face 54;. -This latter face pref-f erably' has I an angularly cutaway' section 55 endingin a vertical edge 56,1 Q l 1 When assembled in the-foot," each of" the jaws hasgits lug 53 sliding in the recess 39,:

which prevents the-jaws from dropping outfiflsi yertica lly, and,one'of the pins19 fits ini each i of thevslots 52. henf 'the jawsareiin the' 1 innermost po sitionithe"edges f" f i against the vertical shoulder.

and leaves a radial spacefllbeft een thejsuri-j; 1' face 56 andthe ver'tical" when the jaws are thrust infto the-full extent,

there is a solnewhat triangul'ar space 58left:

in the center, dueftothe outawaysides .55 7 1i v i (see Fig. i

I The manner of r of my. bit is substantially asfollowst 1 VTheibitisintroduced into awel'lsthrou ghi a well casing, as indicated in rEig.=-51, which casingis shown asceinentingloff theiupper part of the well. 'Whenit'he cutting jaws are i en tat'ion, preferably/in: a'right-handed: dire'ctioniof Figs; 5*and 7,tandhtthelsame;

time, the fiushing liquid :'is 2; forced down; i Y

through thefttibular ;drill,-r,ods, and{ discharges}. 5

count of the radialspace 57,exertsapressure there is usually a certain friction whichtends;

to retardthe rotarymotionofthe foot if and of the' collar 25. Therefore, in this turning-motion.thepins 19 shift fromi'the position shown in'-Eifg.' 5}

from the housed pOSitiOnofFig. 5to the extended position of Fig. 7; Whenthe jaws: 11o" are in thisiposition, thefarcuatelugs24 on the lower sleeve-22 engage the arc'uate lugs 83 on the upper part of the :foot so that the l driving force is transmitted from thes'hank; through; the sleeve--22, the arcuate lugs 24,

foot and in: the' extended*positioma ,5

. It-Twill therefore be se the jaws are vdriven in' a rotary motion by tial parts. i In the sli balls 29 facilitatethis partial turn;

desoription; together; with theidfawings, that reamer bit in, which the jaws are slid. directly radiallyiflutwardly, and. this-=action:--takesQ I 7 place through a partial rotary 'motio'n of' the vto that of Fig. 7 inrefemnCeto-the slots 52; j I in the jaws and force the jaws outwardly en that nonepfi-thei I I driving force 1-istranfs'mitted throughthepin h j and slot c'onnection 19 "and '52, but all this drivingflforceis taken'by heavy and substan-;

glitrotary motionithep r turned in the reaming operation; and also after the jaws are forced outwardly, they are rotated, through the medium or the foot which is a substantial body, in their cutting and reaming work. This foot is driven by heavy and substantial arcuate lugs, the driving force being transmitted through the shank 1 i.

Various changes may be made in the principles of my invention without departing from the spirit thereof, as set forth in the description, drawings and claims.

I claim:

1. A drill bit having in combination a tongue transmitting shank, a foot mounted thereon for partial relative rotational movement, said foot having a plurality of guideways extending towards the center, a jaw slidably mounted in each guide-way, there being a pin and slot connection between each of the jaws and the shank, said pin and slot connection forcing the jaws outwardly on partial rotational movement of the shank relative to the foot, a driving means comprising arcuate lugs on the foot, a sleeve rigidly connected to the shank having arcuate lugs, the said lugs engaging on the extension of the said jaws.

2. A drill bit having in combination a shank, a sleeve fixedly secured thereto hav ing arcuate lugs, a collar mounted on the shank extending over the sleeve, a footconnected to the collar and having arcuate lugs to engage the lugs on the sleeve, the foot having radial guide-ways, a jaw slidably mounted in each guide-way, and a pin and slot connection between the shank and each of the jaws to force said jaws outwardly on partial rotation of the shank relative to the foot, said rotation interengaging the lugs, said latter forming a driving means todrive the foot from the shank and hence the jaws.

3. A drill bit having in combination a tubular shank, a foot mounted thereon for limited rotational movement, said foot having a plurality ofradial guide-ways, a jaw slidably mounted in each guide-way, a pin and slot connection between the shank and each of the jaws, said jaws when contracted lea-ving an open space for theentrance of fiushing fluid through the tubular shank, a pin and slot connection forcing the jaws outwardly on partial rotation of the shank rel ative to the foot, and the flushing fluid being adapted to aid in the initial movement.

4. A drill bit comprising in combination a tubular shank having a sleeve connected thereto, arcuate lugs on the sleeve, a collar rotatably mounted on the shank and extending over the sleeve, a foot connected to the collar and having arcuate lugs to engage the lugs of the sleeve, said foot'having radial guide-ways, a jaw slidably mounted in each guide-way and having a pin and slot connection to the shank, said jaws when con- JACOB S. BROWN. 

